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lesser celandine
Lesser celandine (''Ranunculus ficaria'', syn. ''Ficaria grandiflora'' Robert, ''Ficaria verna'' Huds.) is a low-growing, hairless perennial flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. It has fleshy dark green, heart-shaped leaves and distinctive flowers with bright yellow, glossy petals. The plant is found throughout Europe and west Asia. It is now introduced in North America, where it is known by the common name fig buttercup and where it is often considered invasive. It prefers bare, damp ground and in the UK it can be seen as a common garden plant, an early harbinger of Spring.
''Ranunculus ficaria'' exists in both diploid (2n=16) and tetraploid (2n=32) forms which are very similar in appearance. However, the tetraploid type prefer more shady locations and frequently develops bulbils at the base of the stalk. These two variants are sometimes referred to as distinct sub-species, ''R. ficaria ficaria'' and ''R. ficaria bulbilifer'' respectively.
==Life cycle==
According to Gilbert White, a diarist writing around 1789 in the Hampshire village of Selborne, the plants came out on February 21, but it is more commonly reported to flower from March until May, and is sometimes called the "spring messenger" as a consequence.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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